What is magnetic variation?

Magnetic variation, also known as magnetic declination, specifically refers to the angle difference between true north (geographic north) and magnetic north, which is the direction that a magnetic compass points. This variation is crucial for navigation, as it allows pilots and navigators to correct for the discrepancy between what their compass indicates and the actual geographical direction they need to travel.

Magnetic variation can change depending on geographic location and can also fluctuate over time due to changes in the Earth's magnetic field. Understanding this concept is essential for accurately interpreting compass readings and ensuring that navigation systems provide the correct headings for flight or maritime travel. Correcting for magnetic variation ensures safer and more precise navigation, effectively bridging the gap between magnetic and true headings.