What is the difference between true heading and magnetic heading?

The distinction between true heading and magnetic heading is centered on the reference points used for navigation. True heading is defined as the direction a vehicle is facing relative to True North, which is the geographic North Pole. Navigation using true heading provides a consistent point of reference based on the Earth's rotation and physical geography, which remains constant regardless of the location of the observer.

Magnetic heading, on the other hand, is the direction indicated by a magnetic compass, which is influenced by the Earth's magnetic field. This means that magnetic heading will vary depending on the aircraft's location, as different areas of the Earth have different magnetic declinations or variations. These variations can lead pilots to adjust their heading based on the difference between true and magnetic north, ensuring accurate navigation.

The choice that identifies true heading as being referenced to True North, while magnetic heading accounts for magnetic variation, correctly encapsulates this relationship, emphasizing the importance of understanding both concepts for effective navigation. Knowing the difference between the two is crucial for pilots to correct for magnetic variation and navigate accurately, especially when relying on instruments for route planning and flying.