What type of navigation does LNAV exclude?

LNAV, or Lateral Navigation, is a navigation mode that focuses exclusively on horizontal guidance along a flight path. It provides lateral guidance to the aircraft but does not include vertical navigation features. This means that while LNAV will help pilots follow a predefined horizontal route, it does not manage altitude changes or vertical profiles, which is the responsibility of Vertical Navigation (VNAV).

In aviation, VNAV is a separate function that assists in managing the vertical aspect of a flight, such as descent profiles and altitude constraints, making it distinct from LNAV. Therefore, VNAV is correctly identified as the type of navigation that is excluded by LNAV.

Visual Navigation refers to navigating by sight, which is not directly related to the functionalities of LNAV and does not operate on autopilot systems. Instrument Navigation involves using instruments for navigation, including both LNAV and VNAV, but does not exclude VNAV itself.

Understanding the distinction between these types of navigation helps clarify the specific role that LNAV plays in aviation systems and underscores its limitation in managing vertical navigation aspects.